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Silurian of the Arabian Peninsula &
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Looking for information on black shales in a specific region? This catalogue
sorts useful material by region. A click on the right continent brings
you straight to the alphabetic listing of countries for that continent.
If you look for black shales with a specific age, also try the listing
sorted by stratigraphic
age because not all resources are included in both catalogues.
NORTH
AMERICA
Canada
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Upper Ordovician (Lower Ashgillian) oil shales of
the Whitby Formation. Exposed
in Ottawa and many other places along eastern Quebec, Ontario, and
Western New York State (Utica Formation). Contains trilobites
that are often pyritized.
(thanks to Robert Sensenstein, Ottawa, for this information)
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The Precambrian Animike Group
(Rove Formation)
The Precambrian Keweenawan Supergroup (Oronto Group)
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The Ordovician Lindsay Formation
(Collingwood Member, Eastview Member)
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The Ordovician Georgian Bay (Meaford-Dundas) Formation (Humber, Credit and Erindale Mbrs)
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The Silurian Rochester Formation
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The Silurian Lockport Formation
(Vinemount Shale Bed, Eramosa-Vinemount Shales)
- The Silurian Bertie Formation (Oatka Member)
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The Devonian Marcellus Formation
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The Devonian Hamilton Group
(Bell and Widder Formations)
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The Devonian Kettle Point Formation
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The Devonian Long Rapids Formation
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The Mississippian Port Lambton Group
(Sunbury Formation)
(thanks to Julian Goldberg for that information) .
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Greenland
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Petersen,
H. I., J. A. Bojesen-Koefoed, H. P. Nytoft (2002): Source rock evaluation
of Middle Jurassic coals, northeast Greenland, by artificial maturation:
aspects of petroleum generation from coal. AAPG Bull. 86: 233-256.
USA
- Upper Ordovician (Lower Ashgillian) oil shales of the Whitby Formation.
Exposed
in Ottawa and many other places along eastern Quebec, Ontario, and Western
New York State (Utica Formation). Contains trilobites
that are often pyritized.
(thanks to Robert Sensenstein, Ottawa, for this information)
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-
-
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-
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Cleveland Shale, Late Devonian (Famennian), Ohio (where it is a
vertebrate lagerstatte) and Kentucky.
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Huron Shale, Late Devonian (Famennian), Ohio and Kentucky.
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Sunbury Shale, Early Mississippian (Kinderhookian), Ohio and Kentucky
-
Parrish, J.T., Droser, M. L., Bottjer,
D. J. (2001): A Triassic Upwelling Zone: The Shublik Formation, Arctic
Alaska, U.S.A. J. Sedimentary Res. 71: 272-285. Discussion and Reply
in J. Sedimentary Res. 72 (5): 740-743.
-
- Cretaceous and Tertiary source rocks in the Gulf
of Mexico
- Source rock data, New
Mexico
SOUTH
AMERICA
Colombia
EUROPE
Austria
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H.-M.
Schulz, R.F. Sachsenhofer, A. Bechtel, H. Polesny, L. Wagner (2002):
The origin of hydrocarbon source rocks in the Austrian Molasse Basin
(Eocene-Oligocene transition). Marine and Petroleum Geology 19: 683-709.
Estonia
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Oil Shale Mining in Estonia ( 1,
2)
France
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Upper Jurassic black shales in Boulonnais
(Wignall, Newton)
-
Wignall,
P. B. & R. Newton (2001): Black shales on the basin margin:
a model based on examples from the Upper Jurassic of the Boullonnais,
northern France. Sedimentary Geology 144: 335-356.
-
Fabienne
Giraud, Davide Olivero, François Baudin, Stéphane
Reboulet, Bernard Pittet and Olivier Proux Minor changes in surface-water
fertility across the oceanic anoxic event 1d (latest Albian, SE
France) evidenced by calcareous nannofossils. Int J Earth Sci (Geol
Rundsch) (2003) 92: 267-284.
Germany
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-
-
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- Cenomanian-Turonian black shales in the Münster
Basin, fishes,
scour
troughs
-
-
-
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Luniger,
G., L. Schwark (2002): Characterisation of sedimentary
organic matter by bulk and molecular geochemical proxies:
an example from Oligocene maar-type Lake Enspel, Germany.
Sedimentary Geology 148: 275-288.
Ireland
Italy
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-
-
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Bonarelli
(Cenom.-Turon.) level at the Furlo section, Italy
-
Mid
Cretaceous:
Ohkouchi, N., K. Kawamura, Y. Kajiwara, E. Wada, M. Okada, T. Kanamatsu,
A. Taira, 1999: Sulfur isotope records around Livello Bonarelli (northern
Apennines, Italy) black shale at the Cenomanian-Turonian boundary.
Geology: Vol. 27, No. 6, pp. 535-538.
Malta
Norway
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Isakesen,
G. H., R. Patience, G. van Graas, A. I. Jenssen (2002):
Hydrocarbon system analysis in a rift basin with mixed
marine and nonmarine source rocks: The South Viking Graben,
North Sea. AAPG Bull. 86: 557-591.
Russia
-
-
Boucsein,
B., J. Knies, R. Stein (2002): Organic matter deposition along the
Kara and Laptev Sea continental margin (eastern Arctic Ocean) during
last degalciation and Holocene: evidence from organic-geochemical
and petrographical data. Marine Geology 183: 67-87.
Spain
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Carbonate platform drowning and oceanic anoxic events
on a mid-Cretaceous carbonate platform, South-Central
Pyrenees, Spain
Switzerland
Turkey
-
H.
Caner, O. Algan (2002): Palynology of sapropelic layers
from the Marmara Sea
Marine Geology, 190: 35-46.
-
L.
Tolun, M.N. Cagatay, W.J. Carrigan (2002): Organic
geochemistry and origin of Late Glacial-Holocene sapropelic
layers and associated sediments in Marmara Sea. Marine
Geology, 190: 47-60
United
Kingdom
- Upper Carboniferous:
Fisher, Q. J., P. B. Wignall (2001): Palaeoenvironmental
controls on the uranium distribution in an Upper Carboniferous black
shale (Gastrioceras listeri Marine Band) and associated strata; England.
Chemical Geology 175: 605-621.
- Lower Jurassic black shales at Whitby
- The Kimmeridge
Clay at Kimmeridge Bay and along the Dorset Coast (by Ian West)
- Introduction to the Kimmeridge
Clay (UK)
- Lower + Upper Jurassic:
Sælen, G., R. V. Tyson, M. R. Talbot, N. Telnæs, 1998: Evidence
of recycling of isotopically light CO2 (aq) in stratified black shale
basins: Contrasts between the Whitby Mudstone and Kimmeridge Clay formations,
United Kingdom. Geology: Vol. 26, No. 8, pp. 747-750.
- R. Bucefalo
Palliani, E. Mattioli, J.B. Riding (2002): The response of marine phytoplankton
and sedimentary organic matter to the early Toarcian (Lower Jurassic)
oceanic anoxic event in northern England. Marine Micropaleontology,
46: 223-245
- Mid Cretaceous:
Keller,
G., Q. Han, T. Adatte, S. J. Burns (2001): Palaeoenvironment of the
Cenomanian-Turonian transition at eastbourne, England. Cretaceous Research
22: 391-422.
- J.-F.
Deconinck, S. P. Hesselbo, N. Debuisser, O. Averbuch, F. Baudin and
J. Bessa (2003): Environmental controls on clay mineralogy of an Early
Jurassic mudrock (Blue Lias Formation, southern England). Int J Earth
Sci (Geol Rundsch), 92: 255-266.
AFRICA
North Africa
A number of organic-rich horizons exist in the Phanerozoic
of North Africa, which often can be found in many places across the
continent. For the Saharan Platform the Lower Silurian and Upper Devonian
black ("hot") shales represent the most important hydrocarbon
source rocks. Both units reach TOC values of up to 15% and thicknesses
of strata >1% TOC partly exceed 200m, especially in the Frasnian.
Also the Lower Jurassic (Liassic) is organically rich in places, e.g.
in Morocco Offshore and the Egyptian Western Desert. Cretaceous strata
is organically rich especially in the Cenomanian-Turonian and Campanian
and has sourced hydrocarbons in Northern Algeria and Tunisia, the Sirte
Basin and the Egyptian Abu Gharadig Basin.
Cenozoic source rocks occur in Offshore Tunisia (Eocene Bou Dabbous
Formation) and in the Gulf of Suez Rift (Miocene). Plio-Pleistocene
organic-rich strata is a prolific source for rich gas reserves discovered
in the Nile Delta.
Atlantic Ocean
Wagner,
T. (2002): Late Cretaceous to early Quaternary organic sedimentation
in the eastern Equatorial Atlantic. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology,
Palaeoecology 179 (1-2): 113-147.
Eastern Mediterranean
D.
Menzel, E.C. Hopmans, P.F. van Bergen, J.W. de Leeuw, J.S. Sinninghe
Damste (2002): Development of photic zone euxinia in the eastern Mediterranean
Basin
during deposition of Pliocene sapropels. Marine Geology 189: pp 215-226
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- Cenomanian grey
and black marls in Agadir
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El Albani, A., Caron, M., Deconinck, J.-F., Robaszynski,
F., Amédro, F., Daoudi, L., Ezaidi, A., Terrab, S., Thurow,
J., 1997. Origines et signification sédimentologique de
la nodulisation dans les dépots anoxiques du Turonien inférieur
du bassin de Tarfaya (Maroc). C.R. Acad. Sci. Paris, 324, sér.
Iia, 9-16.
ASIA
China (PR)
India
-
-
Banerjee,
A., S. Pahari, M. Jha, A. K. Sinha, A. K. Jain, N. Kumar, N. J. Thomas,
K. N. Misra, K. Chandra (2002): The effective source rocks in the
Cambay basin, India. AAPG Bull. 86 (3): 433-456.
Jordan
AUSTRALIA
/ PACIFIC OCEAN
ANTARCTICA
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